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Trial registered on ANZCTR


Registration number
ACTRN12618001662257
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
14/09/2018
Date registered
9/10/2018
Date last updated
6/02/2019
Date data sharing statement initially provided
6/02/2019
Type of registration
Prospectively registered

Titles & IDs
Public title
Can the use of a non-invasive monitor (QNox) predict stronger pain after an operation?
Scientific title
The accuracy of the EEG-based qNox monitor to predict moderate-severe acute postoperative pain in peri-operative patients
Secondary ID [1] 296088 0
nil known
Universal Trial Number (UTN)
Trial acronym
Linked study record

Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
moderate-severe pain after surgery 309664 0
Condition category
Condition code
Anaesthesiology 308465 308465 0 0
Pain management

Intervention/exposure
Study type
Observational
Patient registry
False
Target follow-up duration
Target follow-up type
Description of intervention(s) / exposure
Monitoring of the electroencephalogram-based QNox score during anaesthesia and recording 4 pain scores (5 minutely for first 15 min) after admission of a patient to the recovery room after surgery, as well as the total consumption of opioid-analgesics during the entire stay of a patient in the recovery room. This involves placement of a sticky sensor (single use QNox sensor) on the patient's forehead, as well as the patients to rate their pain (0-10) three times on a numeric rating scale for 15 min after recovery room admision.
Intervention code [1] 312427 0
Not applicable
Comparator / control treatment
no control group
Control group
Uncontrolled

Outcomes
Primary outcome [1] 307448 0
Predictive value of the QNox score for the prediction of moderate-severe postoperative pain.
Assessed by the placement of a sensor electrode on the paricipants forehead during surgery and recording of the QNox score at the end of the procedure. Participants then rate their pain (0-10) on a verbal rating scale four times for 15 min after recovery room admission.
Timepoint [1] 307448 0
Qnox monitored at the end of surgery, prior to patient arousal. Primary endpoint is the prefictive value of the QNox score for the highest Of four Pain scores measured four
times (T0, T5, T10, T15) for 15 minutes after admission of the patient to the recovery room (once able to communicate their pain effectively).
Secondary outcome [1] 366470 0
nil
Timepoint [1] 366470 0
nil

Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
Patients at/over 18 years of age scheduled for non-emergency surgery and anaesthesia with sevoflurane/opioid
Minimum age
18 Years
Maximum age
No limit
Sex
Both males and females
Can healthy volunteers participate?
No
Key exclusion criteria
Patients will be excluded from further analysis if they lack sufficient English language skills to communicate pain on a self-rated pain scale, have a condition or medication known or suspected of interacting with the acquisition of the eeg data (i.e. know epilepsy, known severe mental disorder), chronic pain (with opioid medication at home), use of ketamine at home or perioperatively within 30 min prior to the commencement of QNOX measurements, abuse of amphetamines or opioids, allergy to sticky tape.

Study design
Purpose
Natural history
Duration
Cross-sectional
Selection
Convenience sample
Timing
Prospective
Statistical methods / analysis
Statistical analysis:

Data exploration for normal distribution: K-S Test; investigation of the predictive value of the score: receiver-operating curves for qNox and exploration of the "best-fit" cut-off point with the combined highest sensitivity and specificity (Youden's Index); comparison between pain groups: students T-test, ANOVA or appropriate non-parametric alternatives (if tested non normally distributed).
Sample size estimate: In order to detect any significant predictive value of qNox for postoperative pain prediction (as defined as an area under the receiver-operating curve of at least 0.7) 50 subjects in each pain category (no-mild vs. moderate-severe) are required. As, in our experience, the ratio between these pain groups may be as low as 1:2, we estimate that 150 subjects are required to prevent loss of statistical power.

The level of significance to be used is P = 0.05
In addition to the above described methods data of 100 patients will be used to calculate the qnox with the highest combined sensitivity/specificity to distinguish between no-mild vs moderate-severe pain in the recovery room. The calculated cut-off value will the be tested prospectively in the next 50 patients for the purpose of validation. This analysis will only take place at the end of the full data collection (n=150) and will not exclude analysis/calculation of a "best-fit" qnox cut-off value for the entire data set.

Recruitment
Recruitment status
Recruiting
Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
15/10/2018
Actual
30/10/2018
Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
15/04/2019
Actual
Date of last data collection
Anticipated
15/04/2019
Actual
Sample size
Target
150
Accrual to date
89
Final
Recruitment in Australia
Recruitment state(s)
WA
Recruitment hospital [1] 11911 0
Royal Perth Hospital - Perth
Recruitment postcode(s) [1] 24047 0
6000 - Perth

Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1] 300677 0
Hospital
Name [1] 300677 0
Royal Perth Hospital
Country [1] 300677 0
Australia
Primary sponsor type
Individual
Name
Prof THomas Ledowski
Address
Royal Perth Hospital
Dept. of Anaesthesia
197 Wellington St, Perth WA 6000
Country
Australia
Secondary sponsor category [1] 300205 0
None
Name [1] 300205 0
Address [1] 300205 0
Country [1] 300205 0

Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
Ethics committee name [1] 301459 0
South Metropolitan Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (EC00265)
Ethics committee address [1] 301459 0
Level 2, Education Building, Fiona Stanley Hospital

14 Barry Marshall Parade, MURDOCH WA 6150

Postal address: Locked Bag 100, PALMYRA DC WA 6961
Ethics committee country [1] 301459 0
Australia
Date submitted for ethics approval [1] 301459 0
14/09/2018
Approval date [1] 301459 0
29/10/2018
Ethics approval number [1] 301459 0

Summary
Brief summary
The qNox monitoring System (Conox Monitor; Fresenius Kabi) is an electroencephalogram-based (sticky electrode on forehead) dimensionless score (0-100) which claims to reflect levels of analgesia in anaesthetized patients. Higher levels of the score may reflect higher levels of noxious stimulation, or a higher likelihood of a patient to respond to noxious stimuli. Aim of the current study is to investigate whether a higher qNox score during, and at the end of surgery may be associated with a higher likelihood of significant postoperative pain.
150 patients scheduled for non-emergency surgery under sevoflurane/opioid anaesthesia and state entropy depth of anaesthesia monitoring will be included. In addition to standard monitoring, a row of sticky electrodes (similar to the ones used for monitoring the long-established state entropy monitor) will be placed on the patients’ forehead. No other intervention is done for the trial. QNox will be monitored specifically at the end of surgery before patient arousal. Once awake in recovery, patients’ pain will be rated on a numeric rating scale (0-10) every 5 minutes (as per recovery room routine). The first 4 pain ratings will be used to analyse any relationship between qNox and postoperative pain. No other study-related intervention will take place. Participating patients will neither be inconvenienced nor harmed in any way by inclusion in this trial.
Trial website
Trial related presentations / publications
Public notes

Contacts
Principal investigator
Name 87078 0
Prof Thomas Ledowski
Address 87078 0
Royal Perth Hospital
Dept. of Anaesthesia
197 Wellington St, Perth WA 6000
Country 87078 0
Australia
Phone 87078 0
+61 (08) 92241036
Fax 87078 0
Email 87078 0
[email protected]
Contact person for public queries
Name 87079 0
Thomas Ledowski
Address 87079 0
Royal Perth Hospital
Dept. of Anaesthesia
197 Wellington St, Perth WA 6000
Country 87079 0
Australia
Phone 87079 0
+61 (08) 92241036
Fax 87079 0
Email 87079 0
[email protected]
Contact person for scientific queries
Name 87080 0
Thomas Ledowski
Address 87080 0
Royal Perth Hospital
Dept. of Anaesthesia
197 Wellington St, Perth WA 6000
Country 87080 0
Australia
Phone 87080 0
+61 (08) 92241036
Fax 87080 0
Email 87080 0
[email protected]

Data sharing statement
Will individual participant data (IPD) for this trial be available (including data dictionaries)?
No
No/undecided IPD sharing reason/comment
The investigators reserve the right to withhold the data set from certain requesting parties in case the request is not related to the intend to verify our data analysis (i.e. by a related ethics committee or research governance institution) but likely to be used for commercial interest or in any way that is not endorsed by the investigators.


What supporting documents are/will be available?

No Supporting Document Provided



Results publications and other study-related documents

Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.

Documents added automatically
SourceTitleYear of PublicationDOI
EmbasePredicting acute postoperative pain by the Qnox score at the end of surgery: a prospective observational study.2020https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2019.09.041
N.B. These documents automatically identified may not have been verified by the study sponsor.